| 表面等离子体增强顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池光吸收效率的研究 |
| 相春平
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| 学位类型 | 硕士
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| 导师 | 陈良惠
; 宋国峰
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| 2014-05-31
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| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学
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| 学位授予地点 | 北京
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| 学位专业 | 物理电子学
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| 关键词 | 有机薄膜太阳能电池
顶入射
表面等离子体
纳米光栅
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| 摘要 | 有机薄膜太阳能电池作为第三代光伏器件具有成本低廉，生产效率高，面积大，柔性等优点,然而由于有机半导体材料的电学性能限制了有源层厚度，普通有机薄膜电池器件无法充分吸收太阳光。随着微纳加工技术的成熟，在薄膜电池结构中激发表面等离子激元以提高器件光吸收的方法逐渐被人们进行理论研究和实验开发。本论文针对有机薄膜太阳能电池器件光吸收效率低的问题，通过理论模拟和实验验证的方法在薄膜器件中引入微纳结构激发表面等离子体以提高薄膜电池的光吸收效率。具体工作可分为如下三部分：1，由于顶入射器件对衬底材料选择更灵活，本论文针对顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池器件进行结构设计。考虑到有机半导体材料的光学特性和器件的薄膜工艺，在器件中引入光栅，利用FDTD算法对器件的结构进行设计和优化。理论上分析了光栅高度和光栅周期对器件有源区光吸收的影响。通过分析器件对不同偏振模式入射光的吸收谱来分析光栅波导模式和表面等离子体模式提高器件光吸收的机制。通过对器件吸收色散曲线的计算，进一步优化了器件结构并证实了局域表面等离子体在广角度响应方面的优良特性。2，针对器件结构的模拟优化结果在实验上进行验证。利用全息曝光的方法制备光栅结构，利用真空热蒸发技术制备顶入射薄膜太阳能电池器件，利用太阳能电池测试设备对器件的I-V特性进行测试：通过有光栅和无光栅器件的对比，验证光栅对顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池器件光吸收的增强作用。同时，通过分析理论模拟和实验结果的差别提出了在器件结构设计和制备工艺上影响器件光电转换效率的关键因素,为后续研究奠定基础。3，运用IMIMI模型分析表面等离子体与微腔耦合机制，并利用RCWA算法分析了多层结构中表面等离子体模式随IMIMI结构参数的变化。提出了基于IMIMI结构所衍生的顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池结构，并对其进行优化和分析。通过模拟计算器件有源区的吸收光谱和I-V特性阐述了表面等离子体对器件光电转换效率的影响。进一步深入的分析了表面等离子体增强薄膜电池器件光吸收效应。 综上，本论文循序渐进的通过理论计算和实验验证对顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池器件进行设计，优化和分析。逐步改善了顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池器件光吸收效率低的问题，以及顶入射薄膜太阳能电池器件中电极材料的选择问题。为以后的研究做了有益的探索。 |
| 其他摘要 | Organic thin-film solar cells, the third photovoltaic device with the properties of low cost, high efficiency, scalabilities and flexibility, however, are hard to absorb the solar energy sufficiently since the electrical properties of organic semiconductor limit the thickness of the active layer of photovoltaic device. It is the surface plasmon polaritons excited in the PV device that can improve the absorption of active layer and be researched in theory and developed in experiment as the micro-nano fabrication technology developed. In this thesis, aiming at the problem of the low absorption of organic semiconductor layer, we introduce the nano-structure into the organic thin-film solar cells to analysis the mechanism of surface plasmon polaritons by simulation and experiment. The detailed work will be divided in three parts as follows: 1, the thesis mainly designed the top-illuminated thin-film solar cells for its flexibility in choosing the substrate material. The nanograting was introduced into the device by giving consideration to the photoelectric properties of organic semiconductors and the thin-film technology of devices, further design and optimization were simulated by FDTD method. How the height as well as period of the grating influence the absorption of active layer were analyzed. By calculating the absorption spectrum of devices with different structure in two kinds of polarization illumination, we demonstrated the grating waveguide modes and surface plasmon modes both which improve the absorption of active layer. By calculating the dispersion of different devices, we further optimized the structure of device and demonstrated the excellent properties of surface plasmon in angular response.2, we tested and verified the simulation result of the devices by experiment. By preparing the nanograting structure substrate by holographic lithography, fabricating top-illuminated organic solar cells devices by vacuum thermal evaporation, measuring the I-V of devices by solar cells testing equipment, we demonstrated that the grating structure improved the absorption of the device by comparing between devices with or without nanograting structure. Meanwhile, by analyzing the difference between the simulation and experiment result, we presented the main factor influencing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin-film organic solar cells devices on aspects of both design and technic, making a correct foundation for further research.3, the coupled mode between surface plasmon and micro cavity were analyzed using IMIMI model. How surface plasmon modes shift with IMIMI structure parameters were simulated by RCWA method in multi-layers model. We proposed and optimized the top-illuminated organic thin-film solar cells which are deriving on IMIMI model. By simulating the absorption spectrum and I-V characteristic, we demonstrated that the surface plasmon modes improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of devices. The effect that the absorption of active layer was improved by surface plasmon modes was further analyzed. In conclusion, this thesis designed, optimized and analyzed the top-illuminated organic thin-film solar cells in both simulation and experiment methods step by step. We remitted the problem of the low absorption efficiency of top-illuminated organic thin-film solar cells as well as the problem of high cost thin-film electrodes in top-illuminated thin-film solar cells. A helpful exploration was made for further research. |
| 学科领域 | 半导体器件
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| 语种 | 中文
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| 公开日期 | 2014-06-03
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| 文献类型 | 学位论文
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| 条目标识符 | http://ir.semi.ac.cn/handle/172111/25062
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| 专题 | 纳米光电子实验室
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推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714 |
相春平. 表面等离子体增强顶入射有机薄膜太阳能电池光吸收效率的研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2014.
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